Early and High Renaissance (1400–1550)

 

About the time

Classical culture comes back!  In Italy.  The Renaissance was a return to Greek and Roman ideas.  A "renaissance man" is someone who embraces and studies all of the humanities including art, poetry, and history, and has ideas for creative inventions.  The people who are famous from this time period had a lot of talent and skill in many areas of study.  Artists began making money, but most of the art was still funded by the church.

Moveable type is invented (the printing press) which makes printing bibles easier, so monks aren't needed to recreate manuscripts and the Bible can be translated into languages other than Latin.  People also start printing pamphlets with their own opinions.

 

The Art

Because the art was funded by the church, the subjects are religious in nature.  Artists began using Roman art techniques for creating sculpture, and created art that looks a lot like Hellenistic Greek art.

 

Materials

Paintings were done in mostly oil on canvas.  Frescoes were created by painting on wet plaster.  Bronze was used for sculptures as well as marble.

                       Examples

In 1401, there was a competition for who would make 28 panels for a set of doors to be on a building in front of the main Cathedral of Florence.   Lorenzo Ghiberti won the competition and made 28 panels  for the doors with scenes from the New Testament.  He was commissioned to make a second set, but instead of making another 28 panels, he made 10 panels in a different style that show scenes from the Old Testament.

                   

 

Bronze cast:

Ghiberti was known for metal work and started using a Roman technique of Lost-Wax Casting.  Because he was the first one to do this in a while, a lot of young artists wanted to train with him.

 

Watch some of these videos to see what lost-wax casting is.

 

http://www.youtube.com/results?search_query=Lost+Wax+Casting+Process+&aq=f

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Brunelleschi designed the big dome of the cathedral of Florence. He wasn’t allowed to use buttresses, the dome was bigger than the Pantheon’s, and it would collapse under its own weight before the glues dried.

 

Duomo di Firenze/ Dome of Florence

                                                        

 

 

 

 

 

 

Brunelleschi won a competition and built a dome with a completely new and genius design.  The dome is shaped like an octagon (8 sides).  He used brick on the outside, but in order to keep the dome from falling outwards, he made four chains out of rock to go around the dome on the inside.  The rock chain looks like a sideways railroad track held together with iron spikes at each of the 8 octagonal spines.  There’s also a 5th chain of wood as well as an inner dome to hold it up.

 

 

 
 

Florence is a city north of Rome, and in Italian its name is “Firenze.”  Look at Ms. Allekotte’s map.

 

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Donatello- studied under Brunelleschi- worked with metals

 

famous for bronze bas relief and two sculptures: "David" and  "Magdalene Penitent"

 

David; bronze                                                                                                                        Magdelene Penitent; wood with gold                                                                         

His sculptures appear unfinished

 

 

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Boticelli- (bot-i-chel-ee) famous for "The Birth of Venus"

 

 

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Leonardo DaVinci- (da-vin-chee) inventor, has famous notebooks where he wrote backwards so no one else could read them.  He also studied anatomy and engineering. Check out "DaVinci sketches" to see some of his notebook artwork and writing

 

These are some of his most famous works:

Mona Lisa; Oil on canvas                                                                                                          Vitruvian Man; ink and paper

                                                                                                                                          This drawing is based off of the ideal human

                                                                                                                                        proportions with geometry and the blend of art and science.

                                           

 

Last Supper

 

 

it's a fresco, so this is what it really looks like:

 

 

 

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Michelangelo is famous for the "Sistine Chapel", "David" and "Pieta"

 Renaissance man= good at painting, poetry, writing, architecture, sculpture.

 

He created frescoes to cover the ceiling of the chamber in the Vatican City (where the Pope lives).  Michelangelo's father sent him to study grammar.


 

The fresco on the wall at the end of the Sistine chapel seen here is the "Last Judgement"

Find a big picture of it and look at all of the details.  There's some interesting stuff.  What do you see?

 

"The Creation" is on the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel.  God is creating Adam.

 

Pieta  ; marble                                                                                                                                                 David; marble

                          

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Raphael is famous for his frescoes "School of Athens" 1510 and "Little Angels" and his “madonna”s

 

 

 The School of Athens has famous Greek Philosophers in it including Plato, Socrates and Aristotle.  If you want to find out which ones they are and what their philosophies were, click on the link at the bottom of the page.  It is a link to a powerpoint with all of the information. Apostolic place of the vatican. This was the work of his carreer.

 

 

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Review Test 6

 

Go to the Review Test Page and click on the sixth link.  FIll in the answer sheet with the answers and turn it in to Ms. Allekotte for a grade.

 

 

 

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